8legs: Proceedings of the national academy of sciences

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#1 out of 3

Penn researchers show wet foam keeps wandering among many nearly equal states, not settling on one final arrangement.
The study links foam dynamics to gradient-descent style optimization used in deep learning for better generalization.
Researchers say flattening the loss landscape helps models generalize, a concept now seen in foam behavior.
The findings may apply to other adaptive structures, like cellular cytoskeleton, to stay organized while changing.
Foam is not settling into one best state, but remains dynamic while appearing stable to an observer.
The research draws on the 2025 PNAS paper Slow relaxation and landscape-driven dynamics in viscous ripening foams.
The team expects the maths to guide adaptive materials that keep shape yet respond to surroundings.
The work compares foam evolution with AI training to stay in flat regions rather than deepest valleys.
The study uses simulations of wet foam to reveal the dynamic behavior described above.

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#2 out of 3

Long-duration spaceflight causes measurable upward and backward shifts of the brain inside the skull, increasing with mission length.
Some brain changes persist for months after astronauts return from space.
A larger upward displacement was observed in the supplementary motor cortex after year-long missions.
Brain movement correlates with balance declines after spaceflight, linked to the posterior insula.
Most brain changes reversed within six months, though some persisted longer in long-duration flyers.
Researchers emphasize the findings are not a warning against long-term spaceflight, noting reversibility overall.
The study analyzed MRI data from astronauts with missions ranging from shuttle flights to nearly a year in orbit.
A ground-based bed rest study on Earth provided a comparison group for spaceflight effects.
Researchers highlight potential implications for future Moon and Mars missions.
Israeli space medicine physician Dr. Eran Shankar notes the brain changes are not limited to fluid shifts.

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#3 out of 3

8h ago

A study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences introduces a method to reclassify ancient fossils as Denisovans.
Dali Man skull from China now likely identified as Denisovan after reclassification guidelines.
Researchers expect many fossils to be reclassified as Denisovans, reshaping Asia's ancient map.
Denisovans, first identified in 2010 via DNA from a Siberian finger bone, are being traced across Asia.
The study also tested the method on Neanderthal and chimpanzee profiles to verify accuracy.
If confirmed, more fossils may be re-labeled, correcting past misclassifications.
The reclassification effort aligns with a broader push to refine fossil taxonomy using genetics.
Experts believe Denisovans spread across Asia during the Middle Pleistocene era.
The study draws on skull morphology traits to distinguish Denisovans.
Future fossil analyses may redefine regional human ancestry maps in Asia.

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