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#1
Universal work extraction in quantum thermodynamics - Nature Communications
#1 out of 2
1d ago

Universal work extraction in quantum thermodynamics - Nature Communications

  • A universal work extraction protocol reaches the maximum rate regardless of the unknown input quantum state.
  • The protocol uses Schur pinching and permutation symmetry to avoid full state learning.
  • In finite dimensions, the agnostic protocol matches the known state-aware rate in the limit of many copies.
  • The approach remains valid for some infinite-dimensional systems under technical energy conditions.
  • Schur-Weyl duality partitions the joint system into energy-respecting blocks for analysis.
  • The universal protocol tolerates a sublinear use of copies for state learning to preserve performance.
  • The method extends to a semiuniversal scheme in infinite space with a cutoff dimension strategy.
  • The results link universal resource distillation to the broader field of quantum thermodynamics.
  • The approach uses a fixed protocol applicable to any i.i.d. input states, avoiding tailored state-specific steps.
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#2
Pregnant women's brains shed grey matter to prime them for motherhood, study suggests
#2 out of 2
health11h ago

Pregnant women's brains shed grey matter to prime them for motherhood, study suggests

  • Latest findings show grey matter drops about 5% during pregnancy, then partially recovers after birth.
  • Study tracked 127 pregnant women across before, during, and after pregnancy to compare with nonpregnant peers.
  • Researchers suggest changes may aid mother–infant bonding and caregiving, not memory problems.
  • Grey matter reductions were most pronounced in the brain network linked to self-perception and empathy.
  • Grey matter declined during pregnancy and then did not fully return within six months after birth.
  • Hormones such as oestrogen sometimes tracked closely with grey matter reductions.
  • The study is described as the largest to date on brain changes during pregnancy.
  • Experts say more research is needed to map neurological changes and postpartum outcomes.
  • The study includes hormone testing and MRI scans to understand biological changes during pregnancy.
  • Researchers highlight that there are many parenting types and nonpregnant people can also be good parents.
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