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technology7h ago
Main Developments in Competition Law and Policy 2025 – Japan
- The JFTC enforced new 2025 reforms under the Freelance Act, prompting investigations into gig and contract work across multiple sectors.
- Tokyo’s 2025 regime introduces the Smartphone Software Competition Act with designated providers signaling a major digital-regulation shift.
- Google’s Android practices drew a cease-and-desist order for restricting alternatives in the general search and app ecosystem.
- Commitment plans curbed resale-price maintenance and other vertical restraints, marking a shift toward negotiated remedies.
- Visa faced a commitment plan over trading on restrictive terms that affected competition in card processing networks.
- The Yamagata veterinary bid-rigging case illustrated cross-year collusion to suppress price competition.
- Green guidelines featured in Kubota–Nippon Cast Iron Pipe merger for potential carbon-emission reductions.
- The JFTC emphasized creator support with fair-transaction guidelines for performers and agencies.
- Commitment procedures increasingly secure victim compensation for abuse of bargaining power.
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