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world16h ago
The Space Domain and the Defence of Europe - International Centre for Defence and Security
- Europe accelerates its space governance and defence integration as space becomes a strategic domain.
- NATO, the EU, and ESA are expanding space leadership with new commands and policies.
- Europe proposes a €131 billion budget for defence and space in the 2028–34 framework to boost capabilities.
- The EU Space Agency (EUSPA) will directly manage Galileo and Copernicus for security services.
- Europe seeks to avoid fragmentation by encouraging European cooperation in space programs.
- Private space providers, including SpaceX, are increasingly relied on for defense needs, shaping policy.
- Space situational awareness is becoming as important as air and maritime surveillance.
- Europe’s governance evolution includes ESA cooperation with the EU on security-oriented space programs.
- Europe links space and defence policy under a unified commissioner for defence and space.
- EU, NATO, and member states aim to defend space assets amid rising global competition.
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