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#1
Ancient process that created rare earth elements discovered — and it could help us locate desperately needed deposits
#1 out of 2
science1d ago

Ancient process that created rare earth elements discovered — and it could help us locate desperately needed deposits

  • A new study links rare earth deposits to fertilized mantle regions formed above ancient subduction zones.
  • The team found 67% of alkaline and carbonatite magma blobs and 72% of REE deposits above fertilized mantle regions.
  • Older deposits (over 540 million years) show even stronger associations with fertilized mantle regions.
  • The study used 2-billion-year plate tectonics models to identify where enriched mantle persisted.
  • Fluid and halogen release at subduction zones is proposed to fertilize the mantle and enable later ore formation.
  • The findings may help exploration by focusing on regions with ancient subduction histories.
  • There are multiple possible processes for ore formation, including mantle plumes and deglaciation effects.
  • The study highlights a time-lag between ancient subduction events and current ore deposits.
  • The research team includes Carl Spandler of Adelaide University and colleagues.
  • The work suggests refining models to identify more prospective regions for rare earths.
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#2
Tectonic map reveals most rare earth elements formed in ancient subduction zones
#2 out of 2
science6h ago

Tectonic map reveals most rare earth elements formed in ancient subduction zones

  • A new study links most rare earth deposits to ancient buried subduction zones, reshaping where exploration bets are placed.
  • The study maps 412 sites and shows about 75 million square kilometers of crust over these deep regions.
  • Many deposits occur in carbonatites, rare rocks rich in carbonates and formed at relatively low temperatures.
  • The chemical imprint from subduction can lower melting temps, enabling uncommon magmas to form.
  • There can be long delays between deep preparation and eventual melting, sometimes millions to nearly two billion years.
  • Older tectonic models focusing on mantle plumes may be less central to ore formation than the new deep-zone map shows.
  • Explorers are urged to target ancient tectonic belts, narrowing global search areas for deposits.
  • About 35% of continental crust lies inside fertile zones, yet most deposits lie there.
  • The study, published in Science Advances, links deep tectonic history to present mineral resources.
  • The research suggests that some deposits may still be hidden beyond the map’s two-billion-year window.
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